A 2026-os költségvetés-elemzésből
Should your taxes run a horse-breeding business?
The state operates stud farms — raising horses, cultivating land — activities private owners already do across Hungary without public subsidy.
Roughly 1,150 Ft per taxpayer per year — 4,724 millió Ft total — for state-owned agricultural enterprises that breed horses and farm land.
Amit látsz — és amit nem
The seen: state-maintained studs and their staff, sustained by annual appropriation. The unseen: the wage-earner whose payroll taxes fund a trading business the state cannot run profitably — because a loss simply becomes next year's budget line rather than a signal to change course.
Ellenvetés
"But these are historic Hungarian studs — Mezőhegyes is a national heritage site. Privatisation would destroy that heritage."
Válasz
Heritage is preserved by owners who value it — private breed associations, equestrian operators, visitor-economy businesses already operate around these studs. State ownership is not what keeps the history alive; it is what keeps the annual appropriation flowing regardless of whether the enterprise creates value. The divestment transfers the stud, not the heritage.
Share if you think the state should get out of the horse-breeding business.
Az elemző értékelése
Ménesgazdaságok
Az elemző indoklása jelenleg angol nyelven elérhető; magyar fordítás folyamatban.
Indoklás
The ménesgazdaságok are state-owned and state-operated agricultural enterprises — horse studs and associated estates. Breeding horses, cultivating land, producing crops are ordinary commercial activities carried out by thousands of private operators in Hungary without state subsidy. There is no rights-protection function here, no irreversible-harm response, no constitutional precondition. What the line funds is the state's continued operation of a trading business. A state that runs a stud farm faces the recurring difficulty that it cannot read, from its own internal accounts, whether the enterprise creates or destroys value: it operates inside a budget envelope rather than against a market price for its own equity, and a loss is met by next year's appropriation rather than by the discipline a private owner faces. The genealogical and cultural heritage of historic Hungarian stud farms is real, but heritage is preserved by private owners, breed associations, and visitor revenue — it does not require the line item. The honest classification is divestment: transfer the studs to private ownership (breed associations, equestrian operators, the existing visitor-economy businesses around them) over a short horizon, with the small permanent staff protected through the transition.
Átállási mechanizmus
Severance-with-overlap. The protected party is the permanent staff. Payroll plus employer contributions total 1,201.9 millió Ft. Under a 24-month severance-with-overlap arrangement, staff retain their state salary for two years and may take new employment — including with the privatised entity — during that period. The non-payroll components (operating costs 3,281.0, other operating 0.3, investment 241.2 = 3,522.5 millió Ft) end with the transfer of operations to private ownership and are not protected. Year 1 and Year 2 save the non-payroll envelope while severance runs; Year 3 onward saves the full envelope. New Zealand's State-Owned Enterprises Act 1986 is the procedural template — state trading entities reconstituted on a commercial basis with independent boards, many subsequently divested, with SOE-sector dividend revenue rising sharply post-reform.
Érintett csoportok
Approximately the staff funded by the 1,201.9 millió Ft payroll line — a small workforce with transferable agricultural and equestrian skills, the most natural re-employment path being the privatised studs themselves. Breed associations and visitors retain access to the heritage activity under private ownership.
Források
- Nemzeti Menesbirtok es Tangazdasag Zrt. · Wikipedia (citing state asset records) (2024)
Szabad Társadalom Intézet
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